Aegis Defenders is a 2D platforming and tower defense game by Guts Department. The game originated as a project for USC's Intermediate Games class.

United States Navy and Missile Defense Agency anti-ballistic missile programThe Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System ( Aegis BMD or ABMD) is a program developed to provide against short to intermediate-range. It is part of the strategy. Aegis BMD (also known as Sea-Based Midcourse) is designed to intercept post-boost phase and prior to reentry.It enables to shoot down enemy by expanding the with the addition of the radar and technologies.

Aegis BMD-equipped vessels can transmit their target detection information to the system and, if needed, engage potential threats using the (SM-3) mid-course interceptors and the (SM-2 Block IV) or (SM-6) terminal-phase interceptors. The Aegis BMD system is not designed, at least at present, to intercept longer-ranged intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs). Detection and tracking data collected by the Aegis BMD system's radar, however, might be passed to other U.S. BMD systems that are designed to intercept ICBMs, which might support intercepts of ICBMs that are conducted by those other U.S.

BMD systems.The current system uses the Aegis Weapon System and the. Notable subcontractors and technical experts include, (ATK), (JHU/APL), and the (Lincoln Lab). Standard Missile - 3 (SM-3) is launched from the Pearl Harbor-based Aegis cruiser.

November 17, 2005The current effort to deploy Aegis ballistic missile defense (ABMD) was begun during the mid-1980s as part of President 's (SDI). The SDI plan was initially for a space-based system. However, due to technological constraints, the system was transformed into a surface-based system known as the (LEAP). The original testing of the LEAP was done as part of the Army LEAP program.Later, SDIO worked with the Navy to test the LEAP on the missile. The Terrier LEAP demonstration program lasted from 1991 into 1995 and consisted of four flight tests.

Two of these were intercept tests in early 1995; both failed to intercept—the first had a software error in the second-stage booster, the second had a squib (pyrotechnic switch to connect power) in the kinetic kill vehicle that was mounted backwards and failed to fire.Program history and development During the late 1990s, the U.S. Navy was tasked to provide a weapon system for exploratory testing of LEAP. This phase was designated the Aegis LEAP Intercept (ALI) program. The program was for two successful intercepts in five attempts. On June 13, 2002, the second successful ALI intercept occurred during the FM-3 flight test mission. Initial Aegis BMD success may have contributed to President 's decision to deploy an emergency ballistic missile capability by late 2004.Upon the completion of the ALI program, Aegis BMD was transitioned to the production phase.

The first Block I production was delivered in October 2004, and the Aegis 3.0 update was delivered in 2005.This system was given major new importance by President Obama in September 2009, when he announced plans to scrap the plans for a, in favor of missile defense systems located on U.S. Navy warships. On 18 September 2009, Russian Prime Minister welcomed Obama's plans for missile defense which may include stationing American Aegis armed warships in the Black Sea, as these are likely to be less effective against Russia's missile attacks. In 2009 several ships were fitted with SM-3 missiles to serve this function, which complements the already deployed by American units.

Warships of Japan and Australia also have been given weapons and technology to enable them to participate as well.Current Aegis BMD hardware includes the SM-3 Block-1a missile and other improvements to the Aegis Weapons System. Future development of the Aegis BMD system includes Launch on Remote capability, upgraded SM-3 avionics and hardware, and an upgraded Aegis Weapon System. In 2012 Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense will merge with and deliver the benefits of both platforms. The Launch on Remote capability involves the use of off-board sensors, such as the to provide a targeting solution for a SM-3 launch.The variations of the Aegis BMD system currently in service are the 3.6.1 version and the 4.0.1 version. The MDA and the US Navy plan to deploy more advanced versions, such as the 5.0, 5.1 and 5.2, in the future.The improved versions will be equipped with advanced processors and software, as well as upgraded variants of the SM-3 interceptor missile. BMD capable ships can have their BMD capabilities upgraded from earlier versions to later versions.Aegis Ashore.

Aegis Ashore deckhouseA land-based component, Aegis Ashore, also is being developed ( pictured). The first site to be declared operational was in Romania in 2016. This consists of equipment commonly used by the Navy being deployed in land-based facilities. This includes and a battery of Standard Missile-3s. The plans call for two sites: the first in Romania at that was opened in May 2015 and the second in Poland in 2018. In 2020, both will get the latest versions of the Aegis BMD software and the latest version of the SM-3. Some radar facilities will be placed in Turkey at a future date.On 21 May 2014, U.S.

DOD headlined, 'Standard Missile Completes First Test Launch from Aegis Ashore Test Site,' and reported that: 'The Missile Defense Agency, the U.S. Navy, and sailors at the Aegis Ashore Missile Defense Test Complex and Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF), successfully conducted the first flight test involving components of the Aegis Ashore system. During the test, a simulated ballistic missile target was acquired, tracked, and engaged by the Aegis Weapon System. At approximately 7:35 p.m. Hawaii Standard Time, May 20 (1:35 a.m.

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EDT, May 21), the Aegis Weapon System fired a Standard Missile (SM)-3 Block IB guided missile from the Vertical Launch System. Several fire control and engagement functions were exercised during the test.

A live target missile launch was not planned for this flight test.' On 19 December 2017, the approved a plan to purchase two Aegis Ashore systems equipped with the, based on Lockheed Martin's to increase ’s self-defence capability against, using missiles, and also could work with interceptors capable of shooting down cruise missiles. The installation sites are at a training area in Araya District, and the Mutsumi training area in,.

SM-3 and SM-2 Block IV interceptors. Main articles:, andThe Aegis BMD uses the mid-course interceptors and the (SM-2ER Block IV) terminal-phase interceptors developed by Raytheon. The Standard Missile 3 is a development of the SM2-ER Block IV, capable of intercepting ballistic missiles above the atmosphere (i.e., exo-atmospheric intercept) during the midcourse phase of a hostile ballistic missile's flight. The missile is launched from the MK 41 vertical launching system (VLS) of the warships. It receives in-flight target updates from the ship. The kinetic warhead (KW) is designed to destroy a ballistic missile's warhead with more than 130 megajoules of kinetic energy by colliding with it.

The existing SM-3 Block IA version will be upgraded to SM-3 Block IB, SM-3 Block IIA and SM-3 Block IIB to counter future ballistic missile threats. The SM-2 Block IV can engage the ballistic missiles within the atmosphere (i.e., endoatmospheric intercept) in the terminal phase of a missile's trajectory. The missile carries a blast fragmentation warhead. Main article:The Aegis BMD system, coupled with the missile (SM-3), has also demonstrated a limited capability as an against satellites in the lower portion of.

On February 20, 2008, was destroyed by a group of Aegis ships in the Pacific; the stated reason was concern that satellite's payload might contaminate land area upon re-entry from an uncontrolled orbit. The launching vessel was, and one SM-3 missile was used. Interception was at an altitude of 133 nautical miles (247 kilometers).Target for simulating endo-atmospheric flight of DF-21 ASBM According to a Congressional Research Service report dated July 31, 2014, the lack of a test target simulating the Chinese ASBM is highlighted.A threat representative Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile (ASBM) target for operational open-air testing has become an immediate test resource need.

China is fielding the DF-21D ASBM, which threatens U.S. And allied surface warships in the Western Pacific. While the Missile Defense Agency has exo-atmospheric targets in development, no program currently exists for an endo-atmospheric target.

The endo-atmospheric ASBM target is the Navy’s responsibility, but it is not currently budgeted. The Missile Defense Agency estimates the non-recurring expense to develop the exo-atmospheric target was $30 million with each target costing an additional $30 million; the endo-atmospheric target will be more expensive to produce according to missile defense analysts. Numerous Navy acquisition programs will require an ASBM surrogate in the coming years, although a limited number of targets (3-5) may be sufficient to validate analytical modelsThe December 2012 report from DOT&E (i.e., DOT&E's annual report for FY2012) did notfurther discuss this issue; a January 21, 2013, press report stated that this is because the details ofthe issue are classified.According to Roger Cliff, a senior political scientist at the, while the SM-3 would have limited effectiveness against (ASBMs), the U.S.

Arsenal has a 'variety of potential countermeasures' and the 'kill chain' of for example a potential attack would be so 'complicated' that it would provide a 'number of opportunities to defeat the attack'. He also stated that unless one country integrates an 'entire system of systems' to make this work, the missile itself would be pretty 'useless'.“Some countries might buy them just to impress their neighbors, but their combat effectiveness would be negligible unless the country also invested in the needed detection, data processing, and communications systems'. Roger CliffA December 16, 2016, press report states the following:The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) said its new Sea Based Terminal (SBT) system achieved its second ballistic missile intercept during a Dec.

14 test over the Pacific Ocean.During the test, the USS John Paul Jones (DDG-53). Fired a salvo of two Raytheon RTN Standard Misisle-6 (SM-6) interceptors in immediate succession against a medium-range ballistic missile target launched from the Pacific Missile Range Facility on Kauai, Hawaii. The first interceptor was not armed and was designed to collect test data, MDA said. The second interceptor, which carried an explosive warhead, intercepted the Lockheed Martin-built target.MDA called the target “complex” but declined to elaborate. However, according to the Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance, the target emulated China's Dong-Feng 21 (DF-21), a ballistic missile equipped with a maneuverable re-entry vehicle and designed to destroy U.S., aircraft carriers.The event, designated Flight Test Standard Missile-27 (FTM-27), was SBT's first salvo test and its second intercept in as many tries. Flight tests to date As of December 2018, Aegis BMDS has performed 40 successful intercepts in 49 attempts against ballistic missile targets. NameDateResultDescriptionCTV-1Sep 26, 1997FailureThe first flight test for the Navy Theater Wide program's Control Test Vehicle-1 (CTV-1) was on September 26, 1997, using a SM-2 Block IV missile modified for exo-atmospheric flight and launched from.

The missile self-destructed soon after launch after veering off course. The root cause of this problem was a defect in the Navy's existing SM-2 Block IV ordnance, not due to any guidance modifications for high-altitude flight. The Navy and BMDO thus characterized the flight as a 'No-Test'.CTV-1ASep 24, 1999SuccessThe next flight for Raytheon's SM-3 came on September 24, 1999, during Control Test Vehicle (CTV)-1A (Codename: Stellar Phoenix). CTV-1a was a test of the first and second stage of the SM-3. The mission was considered a success.

Was the launching ship.FTR-1Jul 8, 2000FailureThe next mission was conducted in July 2000 and designated Flight Test Round (FTR-1) (Codename: Stellar Archer). This mission ended in failure when the Third Stage Rocket Motor (TSRM) failed to separate from the second stage. USS Shiloh was the launching ship.FTR-1AJan 25, 2001SuccessFTR-1a (Codename: Stellar Gemini) was conducted on January 25, 2001. This mission would be the first time a live unitary target was engaged by the Aegis BMD system. The test target was launched from the U.S. Navy's Pacific Missile Range Facility located on the Hawaiian island of.FTR-1a would demonstrate exo-atmospheric avionics operation of the SM-3 Kinetic Warhead (KW) and the real-time performance of the Aegis BMD AN/SPY-1 radar. At the time this test was conducted, the KW's propulsion system, the Solid Divert and Attitude Control System (SDACS), was still being developed.

Total system operation was demonstrated in FM-2. The mission was considered successful when the KW acquired and tracked the test target for several seconds. Was the launching ship.FM-2Jan 25, 2002SuccessThe purpose of Flight Mission (FM)-2 (codename: Stellar Eagle) was to characterize the Aegis Weapon System and Standard Missile 3 interceptor.

The mission was not required to intercept the target. On January 25, 2002, an SM-3 launched from USS Lake Erie collided with a test target northeast of the island of Kauai.

This mission was the first interception of a ballistic missile from a sea-based platform.FM-3Jun 13, 2002SuccessAegis BMD succeeded in intercepting a unitary target missiles launched from PMRF during FM-3 (Codename: Stellar Impact). USS Lake Erie was the firing ship.

This mission marked the successful completion of the Aegis LEAP Intercept program. June 13, 2002 was also the date that the United States withdrew from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM Treaty), which limited the development of a strategic anti-ballistic missile system (to be considered strategic Aegis would need capability against the current Russian ICBMs and SLBMs).FM-4Nov 21, 2001SuccessAegis BMD intercepted a unitary ballistic missile during FM-4 (codename: Stellar Viper). FM-4 was the first Aegis BMD test to conduct the 'aimpoint shift' maneuver. The aimpoint shift increases the probability that the ballistic missile ordnance will be destroyed at intercept.

USS Lake Erie was the launching ship.FM-5Jun 18, 2003FailureOn June 18, 2003 the FM-5 mission (codename: Stellar Hammer) resulted in the first test failure of an operational Aegis BMD system. During the test, the SDACS propulsion system used to guide the SM-3's kinetic warhead suffered a malfunction after ignition. It is important to note that prior to the rocket motor failure the SM-3 kinetic warhead was on an intercept course with the test target. USS Lake Erie was the firing ship.FM-6Dec 11, 2003SuccessThe next mission, Codename: Stellar Defender, implemented a modification to the SDACS design so as not to endanger the warhead's ability to intercept.

This override allowed the KW to navigate with reduced (but no less lethal) capability. FM-6 once again featured a successful interception. USS Lake Erie was the firing ship.FTM-04-1Feb 24, 2005SuccessAfter the FM-6 mission, the Missile Defense Agency implemented a change to the flight test naming convention for all subsequent ABMD flight tests. According to MDA the new convention better reflected the program's position within the Block 2004/2006 schema of development. The new name, Flight Test Mission (FTM) 04-1 (codename: Stellar Dragon), indicated that this would be the first flight test under the Block 2004 development cycle for Aegis BMD. The flight test demonstrated yet again the system's ability to destroy an enemy ballistic missile.

USS Lake Erie was the firing ship.FTM-04-2Nov 17, 2005SuccessCodename Stellar Valkyrie, this was the first mission to utilize a target missile with a separating warhead. This new target missile, termed a Medium Range Target (MRT) more closely resembled real world threat missiles, but the SM-3 Block I missile was not fooled and intercepted the warhead to score the sixth interception for the program out of seven tries on November 17, 2005. USS Lake Erie was the firing ship.FTM-10Jun 23, 2006SuccessThe FTM-10 test target was the MRT with a separating warhead. USS Shiloh was the launching ship and utilized the Aegis Weapon System version 3.6 for the first time. This test was the first to feature the latest model of the SM-3, the Block Ia.

The mission was considered a success when the KW tracked, selected and intercepted the MRT reentry vehicle (RV).FTM-10 marked the first time another country participated in a sea-based anti-ballistic missile exercise. The Japanese government was interested in purchasing a system similar to Aegis BMD to deter potential threats and was invited to participate in the FTM-10 exercise. The Japanese naval vessel (a ) was stationed off the coast of and observed all FTM-10 events.FTM-11Dec 7, 2006FailureDue to an on-board error, the Aegis Weapon System failed to engage the test target and never launched the interceptor. The error was discovered and corrected prior to the retest of FTM-11 test flight.

USS Lake Erie was the firing ship.FTM-11 Event 4Apr 26, 2007SuccessAegis BMD successfully intercepted its eighth target in ten attempts. This test marked the 27th successful 'Hit-to-Kill' intercept (for all MDA systems) since 2001. USS Lake Erie was the launching ship and utilized the Aegis 3.6 Weapon System. The interceptor was the SM-3 Block-Ia.

This test not only demonstrated the ability of ABMD to intercept a ballistic missile but also demonstrated Lake Erie 's ability to simultaneously track and intercept antiship missiles. This test also utilized the, in the full pulse configuration.FTM-11AAug 31, 2007SuccessClassified flight test.FTM-12Jun 22, 2007Success, using the operationally certified Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense Weapon System (BMD 3.6) and the Standard Missile 3 (SM-3) Block IA missile, successfully performed a 'hit to kill' intercept of a separating, medium range, ballistic missile. The target missile was launched from the on Kauai, Hawaii.

The cruiser, Spain's, and MDA's (THAAD) mobile ground-based radar also participated in the flight test. (Codename: Stellar Athena) was the first to use an as the launching ship.FTM-13Nov 6, 2007SuccessUSS Lake Erie launched two interceptors off the island of Kauai, Hawaii, engaging two short-range ballistic missile targets almost simultaneously.FTM-14Jun 6, 2008SuccessUSS Lake Erie successfully intercepted a terminal phase target with a modified SM-2 Block IV interceptor.

The aim of this mission was to test the interception and destruction of a short range ballistic missile target launched from a mobile launch platform.FTM-15Apr 15, 2011SuccessThe Missile Defense Agency (MDA), and the 94th Army Air and Missile Defense Command operating from the 613th Air and Space Operations Center at Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii, successfully conducted a flight test of the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) element of the nation's Ballistic Missile Defense System, resulting in the intercept of a separating ballistic missile target over the Pacific Ocean. FTM-15, was the most challenging test to date, as it was the first Aegis BMD version 3.6.1 intercept against an intermediate-range target (range 1,864 to 3,418 miles) and the first Aegis BMD 3.6.1 engagement relying on remote tracking data. The ability to use remote radar data to engage a threat ballistic missile greatly increases the battle space and defended area of the SM-3 missile.FTM-16 Event 1Mar 15, 2011SuccessUSS Lake Erie successfully tracked a ballistic missile target. In addition to the BMD mission, Lake Erie also validated the ship's anti-air warfare (AAW) capability by destroying an incoming anti-ship cruise missile target with an SM-2 Block III missile in a live firing exercise. This was the first event in which a ship used BMD 4.0.1 Weapon System to engage an AAW threat.FTM-16 Event 2Sep 1, 2011FailureA short-range ballistic missile target was launched from the U.S. Navy's Pacific Missile Range Facility on Kauai, Hawaii. Approximately 90 seconds later, a Standard Missile 3 (SM-3) Block 1B interceptor missile was launched from USS Lake Erie but an intercept of the target was not achieved.

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